Physical Foundations
Why interactions happen at all
The physical rules that govern matter, energy, and systems. They quietly drive chemistry, physiology, and biochemistry.
- Forces, motion, and energy
- Work, energy, and power
- Electrostatics and electric fields
- Circuits and capacitors
- Fluids and pressure
- Pressure–flow relationships
- Work, energy, and pumps
- Elasticity and compliance
- Fluid statics and dynamics
- Gases and kinetic molecular theory
- Work, heat, and the First Law
- Thermodynamic processes and P–V diagrams
- Entropy and the second law
- Thermodynamics
- Oscillations and simple harmonic motion
- Waves, sound, and optics
- Sound and acoustics
- Light and optics